SCE Principles and Practice of Surveying (PS) (Saudi Arabia)

In a metes-and-bounds legal description, the term "commencing at" typically identifies:

• AThe point of commencement (POC)
• BThe point of beginning (POB)
• CThe county seat
• DThe geodetic origin

A rectangular aliquot description reads "the NW 1/4 of the NE 1/4 of Section 14." How many acres does this tract contain in a standard 640-acre section?

• A10 acres
• B20 acres
• C40 acres
• D160 acres

Which element is NOT required for a valid metes-and-bounds description?

• AIdentified point of beginning
• BCourses (bearings and distances)
• CArea expressed only as "about 5 acres" with no boundaries
• DReference to adjoining owners or monuments where practicable

In the U.S. Public Land Survey System (PLSS), standard section lines are intended to be:

• A1 mile apart
• B0.5 mile apart
• C2 miles apart
• D40 chains apart only vertically

A "call for a monument" in a deed means the boundary is defined by reference to:

• AA physical or legal survey marker controlling the line location
• BA building footprint only
• CA verbal estimate of distance
• DA tax map block number alone

A deed describes a line as "N 45°00' E, 500.00 ft." What is the departure (easting) of this course?

• A250.00 ft
• B353.55 ft
• C500.00 ft
• D707.11 ft

Sequential deeds both describe the same 20 m strip along a road. The senior deed (older) controls because:

• AJunior deeds cannot convey land already conveyed
• BNewer deeds always override older ones
• CRoad rights-of-way erase senior title
• DArea stated in the junior deed controls over monuments

In Saudi cadastral practice aligned with deed registration, a "title deed" (صك) boundary description is primarily enforced through:

• ARegistered coordinates/bearings tied to national cadastre and court-supervised survey
• BVerbal neighborhood estimates only
• CContractor as-built sketches alone
• DSatellite imagery without ground control

The "lot and block" system is most commonly associated with:

• ARecorded subdivision plats in urban areas
• BOriginal PLSS township grids only
• COffshore lease blocks
• DGeodetic latitude bands

A section has area 640 acres. What is the area of the SE 1/4 of the SW 1/4?

• A10 acres
• B20 acres
• C40 acres
• D80 acres

When a deed calls for a "parallel offset" 30 m to the north of an existing centerline, the offset line is:

• AConstructed parallel to the referenced line at the stated perpendicular distance
• BAlways a geodesic arc at constant latitude
• CDefined only by magnetic bearing
• DIrrelevant if area is stated

In deed construction, an "ambiguous" description is generally construed:

• AAgainst the grantor and in favor of the grantee for calls to natural monuments
• BAlways against the grantee
• CBy ignoring all monuments
• DBy selecting the largest possible area

A "strip" easement 10 m wide along a described centerline for 1,200 m has approximate area:

• A120 m²
• B1,200 m²
• C12,000 m²
• D120,000 m²

In PLSS, a "government lot" irregularly shaped parcel along a meandered water body exists because:

• AOriginal surveys meandered banks and fractional sections resulted
• BAll sections are perfect squares by law
• CTownships omit water boundaries
• DLot numbers replace all monuments

The "point of commencement" differs from the "point of beginning" because:

• APOC is a reference tie to reach the POB where the parcel boundary starts
• BThey are always identical
• CPOC defines area only
• DPOB is never monumented

A deed states bearings are "true north." This means bearings are measured from:

• AGeodetic north (meridian of longitude)
• BMagnetic north at survey date without correction
• CGrid north only on State Plane without note
• DArbitrary building line

Recording a subdivision plat primarily serves to:

• ACreate a public record of lot dimensions and easements binding purchasers
• BEliminate need for field surveys forever
• CConvert all bearings to magnetic
• DRemove SCE licensing requirements

Convert 2.50 chains to feet (1 chain = 66 ft).

• A125 ft
• B150 ft
• C165 ft
• D330 ft

A "call to adjoiner" in a description means:

• AThe boundary follows an existing neighbor's line or parcel
• BThe area must match the neighbor's tax bill
• CThe surveyor must ignore monuments
• DBearings are always magnetic

A rectangular parcel is described as 150.00 ft by 200.00 ft. What is the area in acres (1 ac = 43,560 ft²)?

• A0.459 ac
• B0.688 ac
• C0.917 ac
• D1.378 ac

When a found monument conflicts with a deed distance by 0.5 ft on a 200 ft line, the monument generally controls if:

• AIt is the original monument called for in the senior deed
• BIt is a new nail set yesterday without record
• CThe deed is junior only
• DThe distance was never stated

Two parallel boundary lines were intended 20.00 m apart; measured spacing at midpoint is 19.85 m. The recorded deed width controls at:

• A20.00 m unless extrinsic evidence shows a different intent
• B19.85 m always
• CAverage 19.925 m
• DZero width

An "occupying claimant" or adverse possession claim typically requires (among elements):

• AOpen, notorious, continuous, and hostile possession for the statutory period
• BOnly a single day of fence building
• CWritten SCE approval
• DGPS RTK fix without occupancy

A boundary agreement between neighbors to settle a disputed line must generally be:

• AIn writing, signed, and often recorded to bind successors
• BVerbal only
• CApproved by a notary with no survey
• DSecret to be valid

The "hierarchy of evidence" in boundary retracement ranks highest:

• ANatural monuments and original artificial monuments called for
• BArea stated in the most recent tax map
• COral statements of prior owners only
• DCompass bearing without distance

A closed traverse has calculated area 10,240 m². If the deed states 1.000 ha (10,000 m²), the excess 240 m² is best handled by:

• AAnalyzing deed calls and distributing discrepancy per jurisdictional rules (proportional…
• BIgnoring the deed entirely
• CDeleting 240 m² from the neighbor's lot without process
• DRounding to zero always

Riparian boundary on a non-navigable stream in many U.S. jurisdictions is commonly the:

• AThread of the stream (thalweg) or center depending on state law
• BHigh-water mark only always
• CLow-water mark on both banks always
• DRandom traverse line

A "gore" or "gore strip" between two surveys indicates:

• AA gap left between imperfectly fitting descriptions
• BAn intentional park
• CA geodetic meridian
• DA building setback

When relocating a lost corner in PLSS, the surveyor applies:

• AOfficial BLM/manual proportional methods from nearest found corners
• BPersonal judgment without record
• CGoogle Earth only
• DMagnetic compass without declination

Found bearing N 30°15' E; record bearing N 30°00' E on 800.00 ft. Angular misclosure is:

• A15 minutes of arc
• B15 degrees
• C30 minutes of arc
• D800 ft

An easement "20 ft wide along the south line" burdening Lot 5 runs with the land meaning:

• AIt binds subsequent owners of Lot 5
• BIt expires on sale
• CIt becomes fee simple
• DIt eliminates SCE membership

Title insurance may except boundary issues when:

• ASurvey matters are excluded unless an ALTA survey is ordered
• BAll boundaries are always fully covered
• CSCE ethics prohibits exceptions
• DGPS eliminates exceptions

Mutual recognition of a shared boundary fence for decades may support:

• AAcquiescence or agreed boundary doctrines in some jurisdictions
• BAutomatic PLSS resurvey
• CCancellation of all easements
• DMagnetic declination reset

Overlap of 0.30 m between two registered parcels for 50 m along the common line creates overlap area approximately:

• A15 m²
• B50 m²
• C150 m²
• D1,500 m²

Expert witness testimony on boundary location must be based on:

• ACompetent survey evidence and applicable law
• BPersonal preference
• CClient payment amount
• DUnrelated engineering specs

A "proration" method in restoring a lost line between two found corners divides:

• AThe record distance proportionally by measured broken chainage
• BAll area to the junior owner only
• CMonuments randomly
• DAngles only, never distances

Encroachment of a building 0.8 m over the deed line may be remedied by:

• ARemoval, negotiated easement, boundary agreement, or title insurance claim depending on f…
• BIgnoring because it is small always
• CAutomatic adverse possession in one day
• DSCE fine only

If a retracement closes 0.04 ft in 2,000 ft linear, the precision ratio is:

• A1:50,000
• B1:5,000
• C1:500
• D1:50

Water boundaries that move gradually by accretion generally:

• AShift the boundary with gradual, perceptible buildup
• BFreeze at original deed line always
• CBecome state property instantly
• DVoid all monuments

A lot is 30.48 m × 60.96 m. Area in hectares is:

• A0.0186 ha
• B0.093 ha
• C0.186 ha
• D1.86 ha

WGS 84 is best described as:

• AA global geodetic reference frame for satellite positioning
• BA local lot-and-block plat system
• CA construction grade tolerance
• DA magnetic declination table only

In Saudi Arabia, survey control for major projects often ties to:

• ASaudi National Geodetic Network / official reference frames published by competent author…
• BArbitrary site north only
• CUnrelated foreign datums without transformation
• DMagnetic north from 1900

Given latitude 24°30'00" N, one second of latitude is approximately:

• A30.9 m
• B15.5 m
• C1.0 m
• D111 m

GNSS baseline processing with fixed ambiguities primarily improves:

• ARelative positional accuracy between control points
• BPaint color of monuments
• CDeed wording
• DTraffic signal timing

A UTM easting of 500,000 m is characteristic of:

• APoints near the central meridian of a UTM zone (false easting)
• BThe equator only
• CAll GPS errors
• DMagnetic poles

Geoid height (N) relates ellipsoid height (h) and orthometric elevation (H) by:

• AH = h − N (approximately)
• BH = h + N always doubling
• CH = N only
• Dh = H without correction

A horizontal control loop of 12 km total length must close at 1:50,000. Maximum allowable misclosure is:

• A0.24 m
• B2.4 m
• C24 m
• D240 m