Guidance Counselor Licensure Examination (GCLE), Philippines

Which Philippine law mandates the licensure of guidance counselors and created the Professional Regulatory Board of Guidance and Counseling?

• ARepublic Act No. 9258
• BRepublic Act No. 7610
• CRepublic Act No. 9165
• DRepublic Act No. 8981

Under Section 3(a) of Republic Act No. 9258, which statement best describes guidance and counseling?

• AIntegrated support for development and planning based on abilities, interests, and needs.
• BA branch of clinical psychology limited to diagnosing and treating mental disorders.
• CA school record-keeping service limited to administering standardized tests.
• DA social welfare program limited to providing material assistance to disadvantaged client…

What minimum passing score must an examinee achieve in the PRC Guidance Counselor Licensure Examination, and what is the floor for any single subject?

• AA General Weighted Average of at least 75% with no subject rating below 60%.
• BA General Weighted Average of at least 70% with no subject rating below 50%.
• CA General Weighted Average of at least 80% with no subject rating below 65%.
• DA General Weighted Average of at least 75% with no subject rating below 70%.

Which philosophical orientation emphasizes that individuals have an innate drive toward self-actualization and that guidance should be person-centered rather than directive?

• AHumanistic philosophy
• BBehaviorist philosophy
• CExistentialist philosophy
• DPsychoanalytic philosophy

The sociological foundation of guidance recognizes which of the following as a primary societal force shaping individual development?

• ACulture, family, and peer-group influences.
• BUnconscious conflicts from early childhood experiences.
• CIrrational beliefs that lead to emotional disturbances.
• DReinforcement schedules and operant conditioning principles.

During screening for a school grief-support group, a learner reports an immediate safety crisis and needs intensive individual attention. What should the group counselor do first?

• ADefer placement; address safety and arrange prompt individual assessment or referral.
• BEnroll the learner because everyone who shares the group topic is automatically suitable.
• CReject the learner permanently without offering another source of help.
• DGive the screening details to current group members and ask them to decide.

What is the primary difference between guidance and counseling as professional activities?

• AGuidance is broadly developmental; counseling addresses concerns through a helping relati…
• BGuidance involves administering psychological tests, while counseling involves classroom…
• CGuidance is reserved for adults, while counseling is limited to children and adolescents.
• DGuidance is a medical procedure, while counseling is a social welfare activity.

Which principle asserts that each individual is unique and guidance services must be tailored to meet each person's specific needs?

• AIndividualization
• BNormalization
• CStandardization
• DUniversalization

A client pauses and says, "You probably think I made a terrible choice." Which response best demonstrates the person-centered conditions associated with Carl Rogers?

• A"You fear judgment. I accept you and want to understand and explore honestly."
• B"I will tell you whether the choice was correct after I analyze the facts."
• C"That reaction proves an unconscious conflict that I should interpret for you."
• D"Let us ignore the feeling and assign a reward for choosing differently next time."

Albert Ellis's Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) centers on the ABC model. What does the 'B' stand for?

• ABeliefs about the activating event.
• BBehavior that results from the activating event.
• CBackground factors contributing to the client's history.
• DBiochemical processes underlying emotional reactions.

Which counseling technique involves the counselor repeating the essence of what the client said in the counselor's own words to show understanding?

• AParaphrasing
• BInterpretation
• CConfrontation
• DSummarizing

Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory contributes to counseling practice primarily through its emphasis on:

• AUnconscious processes and early experiences shaping later behavior.
• BThe importance of reinforcement and punishment in changing observable behavior.
• CThe client's conscious choice-making and search for personal meaning.
• DCognitive distortions as the primary cause of emotional problems.

In William Glasser's Reality Therapy, clients are helped to evaluate their behavior using the WDEP model. What does 'W' represent?

• AWants: what the client seeks or needs.
• BWeaknesses — identifying the client's personal limitations.
• CWork — assessing the client's occupational history.
• DWellness — evaluating the client's physical health status.

Systematic desensitization, developed by Joseph Wolpe, is based on which learning principle?

• AReciprocal inhibition through relaxation paired with feared stimuli.
• BOperant extinction — removing reinforcement for anxious behavior eliminates it.
• CCognitive restructuring — changing beliefs about feared stimuli reduces anxiety.
• DCatharsis — expressing suppressed emotions relieves anxiety.

A counselor using the Gestalt therapy approach asks a client to speak directly to an empty chair representing an absent parent. This technique is called:

• AEmpty chair technique
• BRole reversal
• CBehavioral rehearsal
• DFree association

Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) differs from traditional problem-focused approaches mainly because it:

• ABuilds solutions from strengths and exceptions to the problem.
• BUses free association and interpretation to uncover unconscious conflicts.
• CEmphasizes exposure to feared stimuli to reduce anxiety responses.
• DAssigns homework and behavioral experiments to test cognitive distortions.

Which counseling technique involves the counselor pointing out discrepancies between what the client says and what the client does or between two contradictory statements?

• AConfrontation
• BReflection of feeling
• CMinimal encouragers
• DClarification

In Adlerian therapy, the concept of 'social interest' (Gemeinschaftsgefühl) refers to:

• ABelonging and contributing to other people and society.
• BThe client's interest in joining social media networks.
• CThe degree to which a client enjoys social activities and parties.
• DThe counselor's ability to build rapport with the client.

Immediately after making a small error in a presentation, a client has the rapid thought, "If I am not perfect, I am worthless." In Beck's cognitive model, this is best identified as:

• AAn automatic thought reflecting all-or-nothing thinking.
• BA balanced self-appraisal that accurately weighs the evidence.
• CA manifestation of Adlerian social interest.
• DA Gestalt experiment for completing unfinished business.

Narrative therapy, developed by Michael White and David Epston, helps clients primarily by:

• AExternalizing problems and reauthoring life stories toward preferred narratives.
• BExposing clients to feared stimuli through gradual hierarchical steps.
• CAnalyzing transference reactions to the therapist as reflections of early object relation…
• DTeaching clients specific social skills through modeling and role-playing.

Which termination strategy best helps a client consolidate gains and prepare for ending the counseling relationship?

• AReview gains and plan how to maintain them after counseling.
• BAbruptly ending sessions once the presenting problem resolves to avoid dependency.
• CReferring the client to a new counselor without discussing the closure process.
• DContinuing sessions indefinitely to prevent relapse.

A counselor working with a Filipino client notices that the client is hesitant to express disagreement due to 'hiya' (sense of shame). The culturally responsive response is to:

• ARespect hiya and allow disclosure at the client's pace.
• BImmediately confront the client and demand direct communication.
• CInterpret hiya as a clinical sign of avoidant personality disorder.
• DIgnore the cultural factor and apply Western techniques without modification.

When a counselor silently nods and says 'I see,' 'go on,' or 'mm-hmm' to encourage the client to continue speaking, this technique is called:

• AMinimal encouragers
• BProbing
• CReflection of meaning
• DInterpretation

Which stage of the counseling process involves the counselor and client mutually agreeing on goals, the counseling approach, and the expected outcomes?

• AGoal-setting and contracting
• BInitial intake and assessment
• CTermination and follow-up
• DReferral and coordination

Motivational Interviewing (MI), developed by Miller and Rollnick, primarily uses which spirit to engage clients who are ambivalent about change?

• APartnership, acceptance, compassion, and evocation.
• BPersuasion, authority, confrontation, and education.
• CInterpretation, neutrality, catharsis, and insight.
• DReward, punishment, extinction, and shaping.

Which group-administered assessment is designed to measure school ability through verbal, nonverbal, and quantitative reasoning tasks?

• AOtis-Lennon School Ability Test (OLSAT)
• BRorschach Inkblot Test
• CMinnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2)
• DBeck Depression Inventory (BDI-II)

In psychological testing, 'reliability' refers to:

• AConsistency of scores across repeated measurements or equivalent conditions.
• BThe degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure.
• CThe ability of a test to predict future performance in a specified domain.
• DThe extent to which test items represent the domain of knowledge being assessed.

A test score has a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15 (e.g., a standard IQ test). A student scores 115. Which percentile rank does this score most closely represent?

• A84th percentile
• B50th percentile
• C97th percentile
• D16th percentile

The Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is classified as which type of personality assessment?

• AProjective test
• BObjective self-report inventory
• CNeuropsychological battery
• DCriterion-referenced achievement test

When interpreting a student's standardized test scores, the Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) is important because it:

• ASupports a score interval reflecting measurement uncertainty.
• BTells the counselor whether the test has face validity.
• CDetermines whether the test is culturally biased for Filipino students.
• DCalculates the student's percentile rank relative to the normative group.

Which type of validity evidence is established when a new career aptitude test correlates highly with supervisory performance ratings obtained one year later?

• APredictive validity (a form of criterion-related validity)
• BContent validity
• CConstruct validity
• DFace validity

The Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale is used in guidance to assess:

• AChildren's self-perceptions across personal, school, and social domains.
• BChildren's intelligence quotient using standardized cognitive tasks.
• CThe presence of autism spectrum disorder symptoms in school-age children.
• DA child's reading achievement level for curriculum placement.

At intake, a learner's concerns span academic performance, relationships, emotions, and classroom behavior. Which initial appraisal approach gives the broadest responsible picture?

• AA structured interview integrated with referral and observation data.
• BAdminister only the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children.
• CAdminister only the MMPI-A before gathering any history.
• DUse only the Beck Anxiety Inventory and treat its score as a diagnosis.

After administering several appraisal measures, which practice best demonstrates competent assessment reporting?

• AIntegrate converging and discrepant findings, state important limitations, and link concl…
• BList scores without explaining how they relate to the referral question.
• COmit findings that do not support the counselor's initial impression.
• DUse diagnostic labels whenever a single score falls outside the average range.

Which of the following best describes a criterion-referenced test compared to a norm-referenced test?

• AComparison with a fixed mastery standard rather than a norm group.
• BA criterion-referenced test ranks students against each other to identify the top perform…
• CA criterion-referenced test uses projective techniques to assess personality traits.
• DA criterion-referenced test generates standard scores such as IQ and percentile ranks.

Under Republic Act No. 12080, which statement correctly identifies who heads a public basic education school's Care Center and who directly supervises that head?

• AA School Counselor heads the Care Center under the direct supervision of the Schools Divi…
• BA Guidance Coordinator heads the Care Center independently of the Schools Division Office.
• CA classroom teacher heads the Care Center and independently performs all professional cou…
• DThe school principal personally provides all counseling while the Care Center serves only…

A needs assessment shows that Grade 9 absences are concentrated among learners reporting transition anxiety. What is the strongest next program-planning step?

• ASet a measurable objective, matched intervention, resources, and evaluation indicators.
• BLaunch the same activity for every grade without defining an intended result.
• CBuy a standardized test before deciding what question the program must answer.
• DWait until year-end and then describe the concern without implementing a response.

Under DepEd Order No. 19, s. 2016, which guidance-counselor staffing ratio was specified for public stand-alone and integrated senior high schools?

• A1 guidance counselor for every 500 students.
• B1 guidance counselor for every 100 students.
• C1 guidance counselor for every 1,000 students.
• D1 guidance counselor for every 250 students.