Notary Qualification Examination (Нотариатчийн мэргэшлийн шалгалт, Mongolia)

How does Article 4.3 of the Law on Notariat (Нотариатын тухай хууль) describe the notary's main function?

• ATo decide property disputes between private parties as a court of first instance with bin…
• BTo act as an impartial witness on behalf of the state and advise parties on the law
• CTo register ownership of immovable property in the state registry
• DTo represent one party's interests in negotiations over a contract

Under Article 6.1 of the Law on Notariat, which set of requirements must a Mongolian citizen meet to practise as a notary?

• AA law degree, five years of legal practice, and membership of a political party's legal a…
• BA law degree and three years of legal work, with no examination required
• CPassing the lawyer and notary qualification exams, no intentional-crime conviction, and a…
• DHaving passed only the notary qualification exam and bought professional liability insura…

A practising notary is offered a salaried post as legal director of a mining company. Under Article 6.2 of the Law on Notariat, may she accept while continuing as a notary?

• AYes, if the company is not one of her notarial clients and she declares the salary to the…
• BYes, if the Chamber of Notaries approves the appointment in advance and in writing
• CYes, provided she works for the company only part time and outside office hours
• DNo; other paid work is barred except part-time law teaching, research and association rol…

A notary in one district is asked to certify the sale of an apartment located in another district. What does Article 7.3 of the Law on Notariat require?

• AAny notary in Mongolia may certify it if both parties agree
• BOnly the notary of the property's district
• CThe notary may certify it after obtaining the Chamber of Notaries' written permission
• DThe notary of the buyer's district must certify it

A notary wants to move from a rural district to a district in Ulaanbaatar. What does Article 7.4 of the Law on Notariat require?

• AShe simply notifies the Chamber and starts work in the new district
• BThe Minister reassigns her by order, without any further examination or waiting period
• CShe must retake the qualification exam and, if she passes, wait for a vacancy there
• DShe may work in both districts for up to one year

Who sets the notarial districts (тойрог) and the number of notaries in each, under Article 7.2 of the Law on Notariat?

• AThe Minister, considering the Chamber's proposal
• BThe Chamber of Notaries alone, by resolution of the general meeting of all its members
• CThe aimag and capital city governors for their own territories
• DThe State Great Hural, by law, for the whole country at once

What is the legal nature of the Chamber of Mongolian Notaries (Монголын Нотариатчдын танхим) under Article 8.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• AA department of the Ministry of Justice and Home Affairs
• BA voluntary non-governmental organization that notaries may join or leave as they choose
• CA public-law legal entity that unites notaries and coordinates their professional work
• DA commercial company owned by its member notaries

Under Article 8.3 of the Law on Notariat, what is the term of the President of the Chamber of Notaries?

• AFour years, with no re-election
• BTwo years, renewable once by the members
• CThree years, renewable without limit
• DSix years, with no re-election permitted

How is the Disciplinary Council attached to the Chamber of Notaries composed under Article 8.6 of the Law on Notariat?

• AFive members, all elected by the Chamber's general meeting
• BSeven: two each from the courts and the justice ministry, and three from the Chamber
• CNine members: three each from the courts, the ministry and the Chamber
• DSeven members: two each from the courts, the ministry and the Chamber, plus one legal sch…

How is the Notary Qualification Committee (Мэргэшлийн хороо) composed under Article 15 of the Law on Notariat?

• AFive members appointed by the Chamber of Notaries for two years
• BNine members, three each from the courts, the ministry and the Chamber, serving six-year…
• CSeven: two each from courts, ministry and Chamber, plus one academic lawyer; four-year te…
• DSeven members, all serving judges, appointed for life

Under Article 15 of the Law on Notariat, how often is the notary qualification examination held nationwide, and how much public notice is required?

• AEvery year, announced at least 14 days in advance on the ministry website
• BEvery three years, with at least 45 days' notice in the daily media
• CEvery five years, announced at least 30 days in advance in the official gazette
• DWhenever the Chamber decides, with no statutory notice requirement at all

A soum has no notary. Under Article 16.2 of the Law on Notariat, who may perform notarial functions there?

• AAny lawyer who lives in the soum, after informing the Chamber of Notaries in writing
• BThe soum court judge, acting in addition to judicial duties
• CThe soum Governor's Office head or legal specialist, if authorized by the Minister
• DThe soum police chief, for documents needed in police matters

Under Article 25.3 of the Law on Notariat, which notarial act may an authorized soum official or diplomatic officer NOT perform?

• ACertifying a power of attorney issued by a local herder family
• BCertifying a copy of a document
• CCertifying a will
• DIssuing a certificate of the right to inheritance

On what grounds may the Minister suspend a notary's license under Article 17.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• AWhenever a client files a written complaint about the size of the notary's fees
• BCriminal prosecution, until a final decision, on the competent body's proposal
• CWhen the notary takes annual leave
• DWhen the notary joins the Chamber's Management Board

A notary is appointed to a state office and cannot practise for two years. Under Article 17 of the Law on Notariat, what is the maximum total period for which her license may be suspended on this ground?

• AFive years
• BOne year in total
• CSix months in total
• DThere is no maximum

Which of the following is a ground on which the Minister SHALL revoke a notary's license under Article 18.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• AThe notary moved her office within the same district with the Chamber's knowledge
• BThe notary was fined once for late tax reporting
• CThe notary had one client complaint that was rejected
• DThe notary let an unlicensed person use her seal and access the notarial database

Under Article 19 of the Law on Notariat, at what age does a notary's practice end by operation of law?

• A65
• B70
• C60
• D75

What minimum insurance payout does Article 24.3 of the Law on Notariat require for a notary's compulsory liability insurance in the capital city?

• AAt least 100 times the monthly minimum wage
• BAt least 50 times the monthly minimum wage
• CAt least 200 times the monthly minimum wage
• DAt least 500 times the monthly minimum wage

Under Article 9 of the Law on Notariat, in what language are notarial acts, documents and records made?

• AIn Mongolian, the official language, even at diplomatic missions abroad
• BIn Mongolian or English, as the client prefers
• CIn the language of the country where the document will be used
• DIn Mongolian inside Mongolia and in the host country's language at embassies

What evidentiary effect does Article 11.2 of the Law on Notariat give to a notarial document issued in accordance with the Law?

• ANone until a court confirms it
• BAbsolute proof that binds courts, so no contrary evidence may ever be heard
• CIt is valid only for one year
• DA source of evidence, and an enforcement document where a law so provides

Who approves the amount of notarial service fees and travel costs under Article 12.3 of the Law on Notariat?

• AThe Minister, on the Chamber of Notaries' proposal
• BEach notary, according to local market demand and costs
• CThe Chamber's general meeting, without any ministerial approval
• DThe client and the notary by agreement in each case

A client pays the fee and then, before the act is completed, cancels the notarial service at his own request. Under Article 12.6 of the Law on Notariat, what happens to the fee?

• AIt is refunded to the client in full
• BHalf of it is refunded, and half is kept
• CIt is transferred to the Chamber's reserve fund
• DNeither the fee nor travel costs are refunded

How must a notary keep the notarial register under Article 26 of the Law on Notariat?

• AIn pencil so errors can be erased, with entries grouped by type of act rather than by date
• BIn date order, uncorrected, in one-colour indelible ink, seal number matching the entry
• COnly electronically, with paper records destroyed after scanning
• DIn any format the notary prefers, so long as it is kept for one year

How does a notary establish a client's identity under Article 27.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• ABy civil documents and fingerprint, with backups such as databases or two identifying wit…
• BBy the client's own oral statement of name and address, recorded in the register and sign…
• CBy a letter of reference from the client's employer or school
• DBy the client's social-media profile and a photo taken on arrival

A client arrives visibly drunk and asks the notary to certify a gift of his car. What must the notary do under Article 30.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• ACertify the gift if a witness is present
• BRefuse permanently and report the client to the police
• CPostpone the act until the client is no longer under the influence
• DCertify the gift and note the client's intoxication in the notarial register

While a sale of land rights is being prepared, a third person notifies the notary in writing that he has sued over those rights. What does Article 30.3 of the Law on Notariat require?

• AProceed, because only a court injunction can stop a notarial act once it has been request…
• BThe notary refuses the act permanently
• CPostpone 3–7 days; if the lawsuit is confirmed, suspend until the court decides
• DThe notary postpones the act for 30 days in all cases

A client asks a notary to certify a contract of sale between the client and the notary's own spouse. What must the notary do under Article 31.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• ARefuse, because the matter concerns her own family
• BCertify it after disclosing the relationship to the client
• CCertify it if the Chamber of Notaries approves in writing
• DCertify it but waive the fee to avoid any appearance of profit

A notary refuses to certify a lawful transaction because she dislikes the client's attitude. Which statement is correct under Article 31 of the Law on Notariat?

• ALawful, because notaries have full discretion over their clients
• BLawful, if she records her reason in the register and explains it to the client
• CLawful, if the Chamber is notified within three days
• DUnlawful: refusals are allowed only on the Article 31.1 grounds

A notary certified a transaction although the client lacked legal capacity, a mandatory refusal ground. Under Article 31.3 of the Law on Notariat, how can the act be undone?

• AThe Chamber annuls it by resolution
• BThe court declares it invalid at the request of the notary or an interested person
• CThe notary deletes the register entry and informs both parties of the deletion in writing
• DThe Minister cancels it by order

Two foreign parties who do not speak Mongolian ask a notary to certify their contract. One of them offers to interpret for the other. Is this allowed under Article 32 of the Law on Notariat?

• AYes, if both parties agree in writing
• BYes, if the interpreting party signs a written statement that the translation is accurate
• CYes, if the notary also speaks the language
• DNo; where two or more parties are involved, one cannot interpret for another

A blind client needs a witness for a notarial act. Under Article 33.1 of the Law on Notariat, which person may serve as the witness?

• AAn adult neighbour of sound mind who reads and speaks Mongolian
• BThe client's 16-year-old grandson, who reads and speaks Mongolian well
• CA foreign friend of the family who speaks only Russian and English
• DA regular client of the same notary who has known the family for years

When must a notary keep a written record (тэмдэглэл) of a notarial act under Article 34.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• AFor every notarial act without exception, including simple certifications of copies
• BOnly for acts concerning immovable property, whoever takes part
• CWhen an interpreter or witness takes part, or when the notary thinks it necessary
• DOnly when the client asks for one in writing

After a notarial record is drawn up, the client wants to add a clarification. Under Article 35 of the Law on Notariat, how may this be done?

• ANo change of any kind is allowed once the record is written, even with everyone's consent
• BThe notary may rewrite the record alone and re-stamp it, without further signatures
• COnly changes that keep its meaning, signed by all participants and stamped by the notary
• DChanges may be made in pencil and initialled by the client

A notary's own copy of a certified document is lost in a flood, and the client's copy was also destroyed. What must the notary do under Article 36 of the Law on Notariat?

• AAsk the client to sign a replacement document bearing today's date
• BDo nothing, since the loss was accidental
• CRebuild the file from memory and personal notes
• DNotify the Chamber of Notaries

A journalist asks a notary to show her the underlying file of a contract she certified for a well-known businessman. What does Article 37.2 of the Law on Notariat provide?

• AShe may show it if the journalist pays the standard fee for a notarial reference
• BShe may show it once the contract has been registered
• CShe must show it, because notarial documents are public
• DIt is prohibited, because the matter does not concern the journalist

Where does a notary transfer permanently stored archival records under Article 39.3 of the Law on Notariat?

• ATo the state archive
• BTo the Chamber's headquarters only
• CTo the client who requested the act
• DTo the local first-instance court

How long does a notary's duty of professional secrecy last under Article 22.2 of the Law on Notariat?

• AFive years after the notarial act
• BIt continues even after the notary's practice has ended
• COnly while the notary holds a license
• DUntil the client's death, after which the heirs may see the file

Under Article 5 of the Law on Notariat, where does a notary perform notarial acts?

• AOnly at her workplace in her district, but she may visit a client who cannot come
• BAnywhere in Mongolia, wherever the client prefers to meet, including other districts
• COnly at the client's home
• DOnly in the Chamber's regional office

Which of the following is a right of a client under Article 28.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• ATo demand that the notary give a discount below the approved fee
• BTo have a notary of another district certify the sale of his apartment in Erdenet
• CTo complain about a notary's unlawful act to the Chamber or the Minister
• DTo require the notary to act before checking his documents

Which of the following is expressly prohibited in a notary's activity by Article 21.3 of the Law on Notariat?

• ACharging travel costs when visiting a client in hospital at her request
• BRefusing an act because the client lacks legal capacity to act
• CAsking a client for additional documents before certifying
• DCertifying a copy without comparing it with the original

Which of the following is NOT one of the types of notarial act listed in Article 25.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• ACertifying a will
• BRegistering ownership of immovable property in the state registry
• CIssuing a certificate of the right to inheritance
• DDrawing up a notary's notice of payment (мэдэгдэх хуудас) for a creditor

Under Article 25.2 of the Law on Notariat, how is it decided which notarial acts are mandatory?

• ABy the Chamber of Notaries' annual resolution
• BBy any state body that requires notarized documents from citizens
• CBy each notary's professional judgment
• DOnly by law; other acts are certified at the client's request

Which documents must a notary rely on when certifying a will under Article 40.1 of the Law on Notariat?

• AA doctor's certificate of capacity and proof the testator owns the property
• BWritten consent of all the testator's statutory heirs
• CA court order confirming the testator's capacity, obtained within the previous month
• DA certificate from the tax authority that the testator owes no taxes

A seriously ill testator cannot sign his will. Under Article 40.3 of the Law on Notariat, how may the will be signed?

• AThe notary signs it on the testator's behalf after reading the will aloud to him
• BIt cannot be certified until the testator recovers enough to sign it himself
• CAnother person may sign at his request, with a witnessed record of the reason
• DThe testator's eldest child signs it automatically as his closest relative

Under Article 40.7 of the Law on Notariat, what happens to the copies of a certified will?

• AThe notary keeps all copies in her own safe until the testator's death
• BOne copy goes to the eldest heir and one to the court
• COne copy is kept by the testator and one is filed with the tax office
• DOne copy goes to the testator; the other is kept at the Chamber

A testator changes his will. Under Article 40.4 of the Law on Notariat, within what time must information about the change reach the notary who certified the original will, or the Chamber?

• AWithin 30 days
• BWithin 7 days of the change
• CWithin one year
• DNo deadline applies

How must the term of a fixed-term power of attorney be written when a notary certifies it, under Article 41.3 of the Law on Notariat?

• AIn words only, to prevent later alteration of the figures
• BIn digits only, as in the notarial register
• CIn digits and in words
• DThe term need not be stated if the principal trusts the agent

An agent asks a notary to certify the transfer of his power of attorney to another person, but the original power says nothing about transfer. Under Article 41.2 of the Law on Notariat, what should the notary do?

• ACertify it, because agents may always delegate
• BCertify it if the new agent is a lawyer
• CRefuse, unless the transfer is essential to protect the principal's interests
• DCertify it but shorten the term to six months