مباريات ولوج سلك تأهيل أطر التدريس بالمراكز الجهوية لمهن التربية والتكوين (Morocco)

In Jean Piaget's cognitive constructivism, what mental process occurs when a learner incorporates new environmental information into an existing cognitive schema without changing that schema?

• AAssimilation
• BAccommodation
• CEquilibration
• DCentration

In B. F. Skinner's operant conditioning, what distinguishes negative reinforcement from punishment?

• ANegative reinforcement decreases a behavior, whereas punishment increases it
• BNegative reinforcement adds an aversive stimulus, whereas punishment removes a reward
• CNegative reinforcement uses only social praise, whereas punishment uses physical restrict…
• DNegative reinforcement increases a behavior by removing an aversive stimulus, whereas pun…

In John Sweller's Cognitive Load Theory, which instructional measure directly reduces extraneous cognitive load?

• ADisplaying the same written sentences while narrating them word for word
• BAdding unfamiliar technical terms that are not needed to solve the problem
• CIntegrating related visual and textual information in one coherent layout
• DAsking novices to discover a high-interactivity procedure without guidance

In Gaston Bachelard's epistemology, later used in didactics, what is an epistemological obstacle?

• AA shortage of laboratory equipment
• BAnxiety caused specifically by timed examinations
• CPrior knowledge that worked in a limited context but blocks a more general understanding
• DAn innate impairment that prevents logical thought

Which scenario illustrates a didactic obstacle rather than an epistemological obstacle?

• AA child cannot yet coordinate the abstractions required for formal algebra
• BA learner performs poorly after severe sleep deprivation
• CA scientific community resists a concept because of a long-standing theoretical commitment
• DA student thinks fractions must be less than one after seeing only proper-fraction models…

In Piaget's account, during which stage do children begin to succeed on conservation tasks involving properties such as number and substance?

• ASensorimotor stage (roughly birth to 2 years)
• BPreoperational stage (roughly 2 to 7 years)
• CConcrete operational stage (roughly 7 to 11 years)
• DFormal operational stage (roughly 12 years and older)

Which capability is associated with Piaget's formal operational stage?

• AObject permanence and deferred imitation
• BDependence on physical objects for every arithmetic operation
• CHypothetico-deductive reasoning and abstract propositional thought
• DSymbolic play accompanied by animistic explanations

In Erik Erikson's psychosocial theory, what is the central developmental crisis of adolescence?

• ATrust versus mistrust
• BAutonomy versus shame and doubt
• CGenerativity versus stagnation
• DIdentity versus role confusion

What is the role of the phonological loop in Baddeley's working-memory model?

• ARegulating emotional responses to evaluation
• BCoordinating balance and posture
• CTemporarily maintaining verbal and auditory information through storage and rehearsal
• DConsolidating autobiographical memories into long-term memory

What is the defining characteristic of procedural memory?

• AConscious recall of facts and definitions
• BTemporary storage used during mental calculation
• CImplicit memory for skills that become executable without full conscious verbal control
• DRecollection of personally experienced events

In Howard Gardner's Multiple Intelligences framework, which intelligence concerns understanding and responding effectively to other people's moods, motives, and intentions?

• AIntrapersonal intelligence
• BSpatial intelligence
• CLogical-mathematical intelligence
• DInterpersonal intelligence

Which belief best represents Carol Dweck's concept of a growth mindset in learning?

• AAbility can develop through effective effort, strategies, feedback, and learning from mis…
• BIntelligence is fixed and cannot change through learning
• COnly learners with exceptional inborn talent can master demanding subjects
• DPraising an inborn trait is always more useful than discussing a learner's process

In Self-Determination Theory, which example represents intrinsic motivation?

• AExploring a topic because the activity itself is interesting and satisfying
• BStudying only to avoid a reprimand
• CCompleting homework only to obtain a material reward
• DStudying solely to win public recognition over classmates

What distinguishes convergent thinking from divergent thinking in J. P. Guilford's framework?

• AConvergent thinking applies evidence and rules to select one best answer
• BConvergent thinking produces as many unusual answers as possible before judging them
• CConvergent thinking suspends evaluation so that alternatives remain open
• DConvergent thinking values fluency and originality without narrowing the response set

In competency-based pedagogy, what best describes a competence?

• AThe capacity to mobilize and coordinate resources to address a family of complex situatio…
• BAccurate reproduction of one isolated procedure in the same exercise format
• CAn inventory of facts assessed separately at the end of a lesson
• DA stable personal trait that predicts performance regardless of context

In a competency-based approach, what is the purpose of an integration situation?

• ATo rehearse one procedure immediately after the teacher models it
• BTo identify prerequisite knowledge before a new sequence begins
• CTo provide a targeted drill after one specific error
• DTo require learners to coordinate previously acquired resources in a complex, meaningful…

What is a commonly stated distinction between competency-based pedagogy and pedagogy by objectives?

• ABoth organize learning only as isolated observable actions but use different labels
• BCompetency-based pedagogy prioritizes accumulation of content, whereas objectives pedagog…
• CObjectives pedagogy tends to decompose performance into specific objectives, whereas comp…
• DCompetency-based pedagogy eliminates the need to make learning intentions explicit

Which task best qualifies as a problem-situation in constructivist didactics?

• AA routine exercise that names the formula to apply
• BA difficult puzzle unrelated to the intended learning and with no attainable resolution
• CA task with a clear goal and an obstacle that existing routines cannot overcome, making c…
• DA worked example that learners copy before the teacher explains it

What is the most defensible distinction between pedagogy and didactics in Francophone educational theory?

• APedagogy addresses broader educational relationships and methods, while didactics studies…
• BPedagogy studies disciplinary knowledge transformation, while didactics studies only gene…
• CPedagogy concerns teaching methods, while didactics concerns only the administrative reco…
• DThe two terms are exact synonyms in every educational research tradition

According to Robert Mager, which statement is an operational learning objective?

• ALearners will appreciate the importance of scientific thinking
• BThe teacher will cover the chapter on proportionality
• CLearners will understand fractions deeply
• DGiven ten fraction pairs, learners will correctly compare at least eight using an appropr…

What is the highest level in Krathwohl's taxonomy of affective objectives?

• AReceiving
• BResponding
• CCharacterization by a value or value system
• DValuing

Which pair of conditions most directly prevents one student from doing all the work in cooperative learning?

• APositive interdependence and individual accountability
• BOne undifferentiated group grade and unrestricted division of labor
• CCompetition between group members and private individual goals
• DPermanent ability grouping and a single spokesperson

In Dave's psychomotor taxonomy, which stage describes smooth, automatic performance of a complex skill with little conscious effort?

• AImitation
• BManipulation
• CNaturalization
• DArticulation

What is the central cognitive-load critique of minimally guided discovery for novice learners?

• AIt fosters surface memorization because every solution is fully modeled in advance
• BAny instructional guidance necessarily prevents learners from developing autonomy
• CSearching for a solution can consume novices' limited working-memory capacity before they…
• DIt prevents transfer because learners never encounter authentic problems

In Guy Brousseau's didactics, what is the didactic contract?

• AThe largely implicit reciprocal expectations that organize how teacher and learners engag…
• BA written agreement assigning grades and sanctions before a course begins
• CThe official employment relationship between a teacher and an education authority
• DA curriculum document listing all content to be taught during the year

In Jean Houssaye's pedagogical triangle, which poles form the teaching process (processus enseigner)?

• ATeacher and knowledge, with the learner occupying the excluded third position
• BTeacher and learner, with knowledge occupying the excluded third position
• CLearner and knowledge, with the teacher occupying the excluded third position
• DTeacher, learner, and knowledge equally, with no privileged relation

In Houssaye's pedagogical triangle, which process privileges the relation between learner and knowledge?

• ATeaching (teacher–knowledge)
• BFormation (teacher–learner)
• CInstitutional management (administrator–teacher)
• DLearning (learner–knowledge)

What primarily distinguishes formative assessment from summative assessment?

• AFormative assessment is always ungraded, whereas summative assessment must use a numerica…
• BFormative assessment informs improvement during learning, whereas summative assessment ju…
• CFormative assessment must be oral, whereas summative assessment must be written
• DFormative assessment is designed by learners, whereas summative assessment is designed on…

How does criterion-referenced assessment differ from norm-referenced assessment?

• ACriterion-referenced assessment compares performance with explicit standards; norm-refere…
• BCriterion-referenced assessment compares learners with one another; norm-referenced asses…
• CCriterion-referenced assessment uses qualitative evidence only; norm-referenced assessmen…
• DCriterion-referenced assessment is formative only; norm-referenced assessment is summativ…

In docimology, what is the halo effect in grading?

• AA tendency to avoid very high and very low marks
• BA tendency to judge one response relative to the quality of the response marked immediate…
• CA general impression of a learner or script biases judgments of specific performance crit…
• DA tendency to give consistently higher scores than the rubric warrants

What is the main purpose of an analytic scoring rubric?

• ATo assign one overall impression without separating dimensions of performance
• BTo list only the correct final answers for an objective test
• CTo describe criteria and performance levels separately so that scoring and feedback addre…
• DTo rank learners without reference to stated performance qualities

Which Moroccan public-school council examines the progress of a particular class and deliberates on learner results and progression?

• AThe management council (conseil de gestion)
• BThe class council (conseil de classe)
• CThe teaching council (conseil d'enseignement)
• DThe pedagogical council (conseil pédagogique)

Which practice best reflects inclusive education for learners with disabilities?

• APlacing a learner in an ordinary classroom without removing access barriers or adapting i…
• BEnabling participation with peers while providing reasonable pedagogical, communication,…
• CAssigning all learners with disabilities permanently to separate institutions regardless…
• DGiving every learner identical materials and conditions even when those conditions create…

Which task belongs primarily to the management council (conseil de gestion) of a Moroccan public-school establishment?

• ADeliberating on one class's individual learner results and progression
• BExamining the establishment's action programme, draft budget, internal rules, and materia…
• CCoordinating the detailed teaching of one academic subject across its teachers
• DIssuing national curricula and appointing civil servants

What is the legal role of Morocco's Framework Law 51-17 on education, training, and scientific research?

• AIt establishes binding legislative principles and objectives for reforming the education,…
• BIt is the special personnel statute governing only Ministry employee careers
• CIt regulates higher education institutions but excludes school education and vocational t…
• DIt is a nonbinding advisory vision issued by the CSEFRS rather than legislation

Under Article 19 of Framework Law 51-17, what is the compulsory-schooling age range in Morocco?

• AFrom age 7 through age 12
• BFrom age 3 through age 21
• CFrom age 6 through age 18
• DFrom age 4 through completed age 16

How does Framework Law 51-17 define linguistic alternation (alternance linguistique)?

• AChanging the classroom teacher each week so learners encounter different accents
• BA progressive plurilingual approach that teaches certain subjects, especially scientific…
• CReplacing both official languages of the state with one foreign language throughout schoo…
• DOffering language courses without using another language to teach any subject content

Which three foundations organize Morocco's Strategic Vision 2015-2030?

• AAccess, digitalization, and centralized inspection
• BEquity and equal opportunity; quality for all; advancement of the individual and society
• CLearner, teacher, and establishment
• DFoundational learning, reduced dropout, and extracurricular participation

What are the three axes of Morocco's Roadmap 2022-2026 for public education?

• ALearner, teacher, and establishment
• BEquity, quality, and individual and societal advancement
• CCurriculum, examination, and diploma
• DCentral ministry, regional academy, and provincial directorate

Which target concerning foundational learning appears in Morocco's Roadmap 2022-2026?

• ADouble the share of primary learners who master foundational learning
• BReduce school dropout by one third
• CDouble participation in extracurricular activities
• DMake preschool access universal by replacing all primary-school targets

What is the purpose of Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) in Morocco's Pioneer Schools programme?

• ATo keep learners in their ordinary grade groups and repeat the same whole-class lesson
• BTo use a simple diagnostic, group learners temporarily by current skill level, and target…
• CTo replace all curriculum teaching permanently with test preparation
• DTo assign learners to fixed ability tracks for the remainder of schooling

Under Moroccan Law 07-00, what is the legal nature of an Académie Régionale d'Éducation et de Formation (AREF)?

• AA department of the central ministry without separate legal personality
• BA public institution endowed with legal personality and financial autonomy
• CA service of the regional or municipal council
• DA private association contracted to operate public schools

Which function belongs to the statutory missions of Morocco's CRMEFs under Decree 2-11-672, as amended?

• AIssuing national education laws and Framework Laws
• BManaging school budgets and learner records for every public establishment
• CIndependently appointing all successful candidates to civil-service posts
• DProviding qualification and professional training for education personnel and preparing s…

What does Decree 2-24-140 primarily establish?

• AThe special statute governing Ministry of National Education personnel, including corps a…
• BThe legal status and financial autonomy of the AREFs
• CThe compulsory-schooling ages and system-wide reform principles
• DThe organization of public-school establishment councils

What best describes the role of Morocco's Higher Council for Education, Training and Scientific Research (CSEFRS)?

• AAn advisory constitutional institution that gives opinions on education policy and contri…
• BThe ministry department that directly manages teacher appointments and payroll
• CThe regional public institution that operates schools in one administrative region
• DThe training center that delivers the teacher-cadre qualification cycle

Which action best complies with a public teacher's duty of professional secrecy under Morocco's general civil-service statute?

• APosting identifiable learner records in a public online group because the information con…
• BProtecting confidential facts and documents learned through official duties, while sharin…
• CRefusing every lawful communication with guardians or authorized student-support services
• DDiscussing a learner's private file with colleagues who have no role in the case