ISTQB Foundation Level (CTFL)

What is the primary objective of software testing?

• ATo prove that the software has no defects
• BTo find defects and provide information about quality to stakeholders
• CTo write test cases that cover all possible scenarios
• DTo ensure the software meets all user requirements

Which of the following best describes the difference between testing and debugging?

• ATesting is performed by developers, debugging is performed by testers
• BTesting finds defects, debugging fixes defects
• CTesting is manual, debugging is automated
• DThere is no difference between testing and debugging

What is the purpose of static testing compared to dynamic testing?

• AStatic testing requires code execution, dynamic testing does not
• BStatic testing examines work products without execution, dynamic testing requires executi…
• CStatic testing is performed by developers only, dynamic testing by testers only
• DStatic testing finds runtime errors, dynamic testing finds syntax errors

Which of the following is NOT a typical quality attribute that testing can assess?

• AFunctional correctness
• BPerformance efficiency
• CDevelopment team size
• DSecurity

A tester finds that a banking application allows negative amounts to be withdrawn. What type of defect is this?

• APerformance defect
• BSecurity defect
• CFunctional defect
• DUsability defect

What is meant by "testware" in software testing?

• AHardware used for testing
• BWork products produced during the test process
• CSoftware bugs found during testing
• DTools used exclusively by test managers

In the seven testing principles, what does the "absence-of-defects fallacy" mean?

• AFinding and fixing defects does not help if the system does not meet users' needs and exp…
• BTesting can prove that no defects remain in the software
• CAll software contains defects that can never be detected
• DDefects only exist during development and disappear in production

Why is "exhaustive testing is impossible" considered a fundamental testing principle?

• ATesters do not have enough time to test everything
• BIt is theoretically possible but practically infeasible to test all combinations
• CTesting tools cannot handle large amounts of data
• DDevelopers do not provide complete specifications

According to the principle of "early testing", when should testing activities begin?

• AAfter code is written
• BDuring the requirements phase
• CAfter the first release
• DOnly when defects are reported

What does the "clustering defect" principle state?

• ADefects are evenly distributed throughout the code
• BA small number of modules contain most of the defects
• CDefects only occur in complex modules
• DDefects cluster in the user interface only

The principle "testing is context dependent" means that:

• AAll software should be tested the same way
• BTesting approaches vary depending on the type of system and context
• CTesters must work in the same location as developers
• DTesting is only done in specific environments

What is the "pesticide paradox" in software testing?

• AUsing pesticides to clean test environments
• BRepeated tests become less effective at finding new defects
• CTesters should avoid using chemicals while testing
• DDefects are like pests that cannot be eliminated

According to the principle "defects tend to cluster", if Module A has 20 defects and Module B has 2 defects, where should additional testing focus?

• AModule B, because it has fewer defects and is more stable
• BModule A, because it is likely to have more undiscovered defects
• CBoth modules equally
• DNeither module, testing should stop

Which statement BEST aligns with the testing principle "testing shows presence of defects"?

• ATesting can prove software is defect-free
• BTesting reduces the probability of defects but cannot prove their absence
• CTesting guarantees all defects will be found
• DTesting is only useful for finding critical defects

Which of the following is typically the FIRST activity in the test process?

• ATest execution
• BTest planning
• CTest closure
• DDefect reporting

What is the primary purpose of test analysis?

• ATo execute test cases
• BTo identify test conditions and prioritize what to test
• CTo fix defects found during testing
• DTo write the test plan

During which test process activity are test cases created?

• ATest planning
• BTest analysis
• CTest design
• DTest closure