AHA Heartsaver First Aid CPR AED

What is the very first thing a Heartsaver rescuer should do before approaching an injured or ill person?

• AMake sure the scene is safe for you and the victim
• BBegin chest compressions immediately
• CCheck the person's blood sugar
• DCall the person's family

After confirming the scene is safe, how should you check whether an adult who collapsed is responsive?

• AShake the person hard and lift their head
• BTap the shoulders and shout, 'Are you OK?'
• CPour water on the person's face
• DPinch the person's cheek and wait 60 seconds

Why do Heartsaver rescuers wear protective equipment such as gloves when giving first aid?

• ATo keep their hands warm
• BBecause it is legally required in all states
• CTo create a barrier against blood and body fluids
• DTo make compressions easier to perform

What is the safest way to remove disposable gloves after giving first aid?

• APull each glove off by the fingertips and shake them out
• BRinse the gloves under water before removing them
• CCut the gloves off with scissors
• DGrip the outside of one glove, peel it off inside-out, then slide a bare finger under the…

After removing your gloves and finishing care, what should you do for hand hygiene?

• AWash your hands with soap and water, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer if soap is un…
• BNothing — the gloves protected your hands completely
• CWipe your hands on your clothing
• DRinse with plain water only

You find an adult lying on the ground who is not moving. After checking the scene, what should you do next?

• AMove the person to a more comfortable spot
• BCheck for responsiveness and, if unresponsive, phone or send someone to phone 9-1-1 and g…
• CGive the person something to drink
• DWait five minutes to see if they wake up

When you phone 9-1-1 for an emergency, what should you do at the end of the call?

• AHang up as soon as you give the address
• BHang up and call back if needed
• CStay on the line until the dispatcher tells you it is OK to hang up
• DPut the phone in your pocket and continue care

What does it mean to 'find the problem' in the Heartsaver first aid approach?

• ADiagnose the exact medical condition like a doctor
• BSearch the person's belongings for medication
• CAsk bystanders to vote on what is wrong
• DLook the person over for clues to what is wrong while checking for life-threatening condi…

A coworker suddenly collapses. Which finding tells you to start CPR immediately?

• AThe person is unresponsive and not breathing normally (only gasping or not breathing)
• BThe person is talking but confused
• CThe person is breathing fast and sweating
• DThe person is holding their chest and groaning

Why is it important to tell an emergency dispatcher your exact location?

• ASo they can mail a report later
• BSo responders can reach the scene quickly without delay
• CBecause it is required to receive a refund
• DTo verify your phone number

While giving first aid you are unsure whether to act. What is the guiding principle Heartsaver teaches?

• ADo nothing unless a medical professional is present
• BAlways wait for a family member to give permission
• CIf you are trained and the scene is safe, providing first aid is better than doing nothing
• DOnly help if you know the person

A responsive adult collapsed but is breathing normally and has no spine-injury concern. What position is generally recommended while waiting for EMS?

• ASitting upright in a chair
• BOn their back with legs raised straight up
• CStanding with assistance
• DOn their side in a recovery-type position to keep the airway clear

Which group of signs are the classic warning signs of a heart attack?

• AChest discomfort, shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, and pain spreading to the arm, b…
• BSudden one-sided face droop and slurred speech
• CItchy rash and swollen lips
• DHigh fever and a stiff neck

A responsive adult has chest pressure and shortness of breath. After phoning 9-1-1, what should you do if the person has no allergy or contraindication and aspirin is available?

• AGive them a full glass of milk
• BHelp them take aspirin if instructed by the dispatcher or if appropriate, and keep them c…
• CHave them walk around to improve circulation
• DGive them a strong cup of coffee

What does the stroke warning acronym F.A.S.T. stand for?

• AFever, Aches, Sweating, Tiredness
• BFall, Assess, Stabilize, Transport
• CFace drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 9-1-1
• DFainting, Alertness, Strength, Temperature

You suspect someone is having a stroke. Why is noting the time symptoms started so important?

• AIt determines the cost of treatment
• BIt tells you which hospital is closest
• CIt is needed to fill out an insurance form
• DStroke treatments are time-sensitive, so EMS and hospital staff need to know when symptom…

A person with a known severe peanut allergy ate a cookie and now has swelling of the lips, hives, and trouble breathing. What is the priority action?

• APhone 9-1-1 and help them use their epinephrine auto-injector right away
• BGive them water and wait 20 minutes
• CHave them lie face-down
• DGive them an antihistamine and send them home

Where is an epinephrine auto-injector designed to be given?

• AInto a vein in the arm
• BInto the outer middle of the thigh, even through clothing if needed
• CUnder the tongue
• DInto the abdomen near the navel

After using an epinephrine auto-injector for a severe allergic reaction, what should you do?

• ATell the person they are cured and can leave
• BGive a second dose immediately as a precaution
• CPhone 9-1-1 if not already done, note the time of injection, and keep watching the person…
• DHave the person exercise to spread the medication

A person with asthma is having trouble breathing and has a prescribed inhaler. What is the appropriate first aid?

• ATell them to hold their breath until it passes
• BGive them a paper bag to breathe into
• CHave them drink cold water quickly
• DHelp them use their own prescribed inhaler and phone 9-1-1 if breathing does not improve…

A responsive person with known diabetes is acting confused, shaky, and sweaty. They can sit up and swallow. What should you give them?

• AA sugar-containing food or drink such as juice, regular soda, or glucose tablets
• BInsulin from their bag
• CA large glass of water only
• DNothing — wait for EMS

A person with diabetes who has low blood sugar becomes unresponsive. What should you do?

• AForce juice into their mouth
• BPhone 9-1-1, do not give anything by mouth, and be prepared to give CPR if they are not b…
• CGive them glucose tablets between the cheek and gum
• DSlap their face to wake them up

What is the recommended first aid for a person who is having a seizure with full-body shaking?

• AHold the person down firmly to stop the movements
• BPut a spoon between their teeth
• CMove objects away to protect them from injury and do not put anything in their mouth
• DSplash water on their face to stop the seizure

After a seizure ends and the person is breathing but not fully alert, what is appropriate care?

• AMake them stand and walk immediately
• BGive them food right away
• CLeave them alone to rest
• DPlace them on their side, check breathing, stay with them, and reassure them as they reco…

Someone feels dizzy and faints, then quickly becomes responsive again. What is appropriate first aid?

• AHave them lie down or sit and rest; if they do not recover quickly or you are concerned,…
• BHave them sip alcohol to calm down
• CTell them to run to get blood flowing
• DGive them a large meal immediately

Which signs suggest a person may be going into shock?

• AWarm, dry, flushed skin and high energy
• BPale or grayish skin, cool and clammy skin, weakness, and acting restless or confused
• CSlow steady breathing and clear thinking
• DStrong appetite and increased alertness

What is appropriate first aid while waiting for EMS for a person showing signs of shock who is responsive and has no spine injury?

• AGive them a hot drink and food
• BMake them sit upright and exercise
• CHave them lie down, keep them from getting cold or too warm, and reassure them
• DPour cool water over them

A coworker is having difficulty breathing and is speaking only in short phrases. What does speaking in short phrases or single words indicate?

• AThe breathing problem is mild and will resolve on its own
• BThe person is exaggerating
• CThe person needs to drink water
• DThe breathing problem may be severe and you should be ready to phone 9-1-1

Which symptom combination most strongly suggests a stroke rather than a heart attack?

• ASudden one-sided arm weakness, facial droop, and slurred speech
• BCrushing chest pressure radiating to the arm
• CCold sweat with nausea and chest tightness
• DShortness of breath with chest discomfort during exertion

For a responsive adult with a suspected heart attack, what position is generally most comfortable while waiting for EMS?

• ALying flat on the stomach
• BResting in a position of comfort, often sitting up and calm
• CStanding and pacing
• DLying with the head lower than the feet

An adult is coughing forcefully and can still speak while eating. What is the appropriate action for this mild airway blockage?

• AImmediately give five abdominal thrusts
• BLay the person down and start chest compressions
• CEncourage the person to keep coughing and stay with them, ready to act if it becomes seve…
• DGive them water to wash the food down

Which statement about anaphylaxis (severe allergic reaction) is correct?

• AIt always develops slowly over several hours
• BIt only happens to children
• CIt is treated by drinking milk
• DIt can be life-threatening and may cause airway swelling and breathing trouble within min…

What compression rate should be used when performing CPR on an infant?

• A100 to 120 compressions per minute
• B60 to 80 compressions per minute
• C40 to 60 compressions per minute
• D160 to 180 compressions per minute

What is an appropriate first aid action for a person actively having a generalized seizure on a hard floor?

• ALift them onto a table
• BProtect the head with something soft and clear the area of hazards
• CPour cold water on them
• DHold their arms still

Where do you place your hands to give chest thrusts to a responsive choking adult whom you cannot reach around (for example, late pregnancy or very large body size)?

• AOn the upper abdomen below the ribs
• BOver the stomach near the navel
• CIn the center of the chest on the lower half of the breastbone, similar to chest compress…
• DOn the side of the rib cage

What is the best first aid for severe, visible bleeding from an arm wound?

• AWipe the wound and apply antibiotic cream
• BRinse the wound under running water for 10 minutes
• CWave the arm in the air to slow bleeding
• DApply firm, direct pressure on the wound with a clean cloth or gloved hand and keep press…

You apply direct pressure to a bleeding wound but blood soaks through the first dressing. What should you do?

• AAdd more dressings on top and keep applying firm pressure without removing the first one
• BRemove the soaked dressing and start over
• CStop pressing to let it clot on its own
• DPour hydrogen peroxide on the wound

When is using a tourniquet appropriate for severe bleeding from an arm or leg?

• AFor any small cut to be safe
• BWhen life-threatening limb bleeding cannot be controlled by direct pressure, or as direct…
• COnly after the person becomes unresponsive
• DNever — tourniquets are not part of Heartsaver

When applying a commercial tourniquet for life-threatening limb bleeding, what is an important step?

• AApply it directly over the wound
• BLoosen it every 5 minutes
• CApply it a few inches above the wound (not over a joint), tighten until bleeding stops, a…
• DCover it so EMS cannot see it

For a deep, severely bleeding wound where a tourniquet cannot be used (such as the groin or armpit), what technique may be taught?

• AElevate the leg only
• BApply a loose bandage and wait
• CApply ice directly into the wound
• DWound packing — pack gauze or clean cloth firmly into the wound and apply direct pressure

What is appropriate first aid for a suspected broken bone or sprain in the forearm?

• AKeep the injured area still, support it, and avoid moving it; apply a cold pack over a cl…
• BTry to push the bone back into place
• CHave the person use the arm normally to test it
• DApply heat directly to the injury

What is the purpose of splinting a suspected broken bone before EMS moves the person?

• ATo speed up healing of the bone
• BTo keep the injured area from moving, reducing pain and preventing further injury
• CTo stop all bleeding immediately
• DTo replace the need for medical care

What is the recommended first aid for a small heat (thermal) burn such as a minor kitchen burn?

• AApply butter or grease to the burn
• BPop any blisters and rub in lotion
• CCool the burn with cool (not ice-cold) running water, then loosely cover it with a clean,…
• DWrap the burn tightly with tape

You see a person collapsed and touching a downed electrical wire. What should you do first?

• APull the person away with your bare hands
• BSpray water on the wire
• CTouch the person with a metal pole to move them
• DDo not touch the person; keep yourself and others away and phone 9-1-1, only approach aft…

A person fell from a height and is responsive but complains of neck and back pain. What is appropriate first aid?

• ATell them to hold still, support the head and neck to minimize movement, and phone 9-1-1
• BHelp them sit up and walk to a chair
• CTwist the neck to check range of motion
• DRoll them onto their stomach

What is appropriate first aid for a nosebleed in a responsive person?

• AHave them tilt the head back and swallow the blood
• BHave them sit, lean slightly forward, and pinch the soft part of the nose for several min…
• CPack the nose with ice cubes
• DHave them lie flat on their back