Key Takeaways

  • All children are creative; nurture rather than create creativity
  • Process art (child-directed, open-ended) is preferred over product art
  • Avoid "What is it?" - instead say "Tell me about your picture"
  • Provide open-ended materials and time for exploration
  • Dramatic play supports multiple areas of development
Last updated: January 2026

Creative Development

Functional Area 7 focuses on providing opportunities that stimulate children's creativity and self-expression.

What is Creativity?

Creativity is the ability to:

  • Express ideas in original ways
  • Think flexibly and imaginatively
  • Solve problems creatively
  • Make unique connections

Important: All children are creative. Our job is to nurture creativity, not create it.

Forms of Creative Expression

FormDescriptionActivities
Visual ArtsCreating images and objectsPainting, drawing, sculpting
MusicSound and rhythmSinging, playing instruments, movement
Dramatic PlayPretending and role-playDress-up, puppets, pretend scenarios
Creative MovementExpressing through bodyDancing, creative movement activities
StorytellingNarrative creationMaking up stories, puppet shows

Process vs. Product Art

Process-Focused ArtProduct-Focused Art
Child-directedTeacher-directed
Open-ended materialsStep-by-step instructions
No "right" wayModel to copy
Emphasizes explorationEmphasizes finished product
Every result is uniqueAll results look similar
PREFERRED for young childrenCan limit creativity

Examples:

  • Process: "Here's paint and paper. What would you like to create?"
  • Product: "Today we're all making handprint turkeys for Thanksgiving."

Supporting Creative Development

Create an Environment That:

  • Provides open-ended materials
  • Allows time for exploration
  • Values all children's creations
  • Displays children's work respectfully

The Teacher's Role:

  • Provide materials and time
  • Ask open-ended questions about work
  • Avoid "What is it?" (Try "Tell me about your picture")
  • Resist the urge to "improve" children's work
  • Model creativity yourself

Art Materials by Age

Infants:

  • Safe sensory materials
  • Large crayons, finger paint
  • Exploration, not products

Toddlers:

  • Playdough
  • Large crayons and markers
  • Finger paint
  • Large paper
  • Simple instruments

Preschoolers:

  • Scissors and glue
  • Variety of art materials
  • Found materials for collage
  • Easels and paint
  • Musical instruments

Music and Movement

Music Activities:

  • Singing songs (traditional and made-up)
  • Playing rhythm instruments
  • Listening to various types of music
  • Moving to music

Movement Activities:

  • Creative movement (move like animals)
  • Dancing with scarves or streamers
  • Freeze dance
  • Action songs ("Head, Shoulders, Knees, and Toes")

Dramatic Play

Dramatic play supports:

  • Language development
  • Social skills
  • Problem-solving
  • Emotional expression
  • Understanding roles and relationships

Support dramatic play by:

  • Providing props and dress-up clothes
  • Creating themed dramatic play areas
  • Joining play when invited (following the child's lead)
  • Extending themes based on children's interests
Test Your Knowledge

What is the BEST way to respond when a child shows you their artwork?

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B
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D
Test Your Knowledge

Which of the following describes process-focused art?

A
B
C
D