Key Takeaways

  • The Personal Auto Policy (PAP) has SIX parts: A (Liability), B (Medical Payments), C (Uninsured Motorists), D (Physical Damage), E (Duties), F (General Provisions)
  • Covered vehicles include private passenger autos, pickups/vans under 10,000 GVW, and newly acquired vehicles (automatic coverage for 14-30 days)
  • The Named Insured includes the person named on the policy PLUS their spouse if living in the same household
  • Family members are automatically insureds when using ANY auto — covered, non-owned, or temporary substitute vehicles
  • There are approximately 230 million registered vehicles in the U.S., and auto insurance is mandatory in 49 states (all except NH)
Last updated: December 2025

Personal Auto Policy Overview

The Personal Auto Policy (PAP) is one of the most common insurance policies in the United States. Understanding its structure and definitions is essential for the P&C exam.

The Six Parts of the PAP

The PAP is organized into six distinct parts:

PartNameCoverage Type
Part ALiability CoverageThird-party
Part BMedical PaymentsFirst-party
Part CUninsured MotoristsFirst-party
Part DPhysical DamageFirst-party
Part EDuties After an AccidentConditions
Part FGeneral ProvisionsPolicy administration

Who Is a "Named Insured"?

The Named Insured consists of:

  1. The person named on the Declarations page
  2. Their spouse — if residing in the same household

Key Point: If the named insured and spouse divorce, the spouse loses insured status when no longer residing in the same household.


Who Is an "Insured" Under the PAP?

Different categories of people qualify as insureds:

For Owned Vehicles

PersonStatus
Named insuredInsured
Spouse (if resident)Insured
Family members (resident)Insured
Anyone with permissionInsured

For Non-Owned Vehicles

PersonStatus
Named insuredInsured
Family membersInsured (with owner's permission)
Anyone elseNOT insured

Definition: Family Member

A "family member" is a person related by blood, marriage, or adoption who resides in the same household.

Includes:

  • Children living at home
  • Parents living with you
  • Relatives sharing your residence

Does NOT Include:

  • Child away at college (check policy — many cover temporarily away)
  • Divorced spouse
  • Extended family not living with you

What Vehicles Are Covered?

"Your Covered Auto"

Vehicles shown on the Declarations, plus:

Vehicle TypeCoverage
Vehicles on DeclarationsFull coverage
Newly acquired vehiclesAutomatic 14-30 days
Temporary substitute vehiclesFull coverage
TrailersLiability only

Newly Acquired Vehicles

Rules for Automatic Coverage:

CoverageSame Type VehicleDifferent Type Vehicle
LiabilityAutomaticAutomatic
Physical DamageAutomatic (if you had it)Must notify insurer
Notification PeriodWithin 14 days (or 30)Same

Temporary Substitute Vehicles

If your covered auto is out of service for:

  • Repairs
  • Servicing
  • Loss
  • Destruction

A substitute vehicle borrowed or rented is covered with the same coverage as your own vehicle.


Vehicles NOT Covered

Excluded VehicleReason
MotorcyclesRequires separate policy
Vehicles with fewer than 4 wheelsNot private passenger auto
Vehicles used for public transportationCommercial use
Vehicles used for rideshare (Uber/Lyft)Commercial use
Vehicles owned by businessCommercial auto policy
Vehicles used in racingExcluded activity

GVW Limit

Pickups and vans must be under 10,000 pounds GVW (Gross Vehicle Weight) to qualify for personal auto coverage.


Mandatory Auto Insurance

Auto liability insurance is required in 49 states (all except New Hampshire).

Why It's Mandatory

  • Protects innocent accident victims
  • Ensures financial responsibility
  • Required for vehicle registration

Proof of Insurance

Most states require:

  • Insurance card in vehicle
  • Electronic verification available
  • Penalties for driving uninsured:
    • Fines ($500-$5,000+)
    • License suspension
    • Vehicle impoundment
    • SR-22 filing requirement
Loading diagram...
Personal Auto Policy Structure
Typical Auto Insurance Premium Distribution (%)
Test Your Knowledge

The Personal Auto Policy has how many parts?

A
B
C
D
Test Your Knowledge

A "family member" under the PAP must be related AND:

A
B
C
D
Test Your Knowledge

The named insured purchases a new car to replace their existing vehicle. Liability coverage on the new car is:

A
B
C
D