Becoming a Notary Public: Requirements Overview

Becoming a notary public is a process governed entirely by state law. While the specifics vary from state to state, there are common elements that most jurisdictions share. Understanding these general requirements prepares you for the specific rules of your own state.

Common Requirements Across States

Most states require notary applicants to meet the following baseline criteria:

Age Requirement

• Minimum age: 18 years old in most states
• Some states set the minimum at 19 (Alabama, Nebraska) or even no specific age requirement
• There is generally no maximum age limit

Residency or Employment

• Most states require you to be a resident of the commissioning state
• Some states allow you to be commissioned if you work in the state, even if you live elsewhere
• A few states (like Montana and Maine) allow commissions for non-residents under certain conditions
• U.S. citizenship is NOT universally required — many states accept legal permanent residents

Background Requirements

• Most states require a clean criminal record or at least disclosure of past convictions
• Felony convictions, especially involving fraud or dishonesty, may disqualify applicants
• Some states conduct formal background checks (fingerprinting, DOJ/FBI review)
• Others rely on applicant self-disclosure

Education Requirements

Examination Requirements

• Not all states require a notary exam — many simply require an application and background check
• States that require exams typically test on notary law, procedures, and ethics
• Exam formats vary: multiple choice, true/false, or a combination
• Passing scores typically range from 70% to 80%

The Commissioning Process

While details vary, the general process follows these steps:

1. Verify eligibility — Confirm you meet your state's age, residency, and background requirements
2. Complete education (if required) — Take an approved course from a state-authorized provider
3. Pass the exam (if required) — Study your state's notary handbook and take the written test
4. Submit application — File with the Secretary of State or commissioning authority
5. Pay fees — Application fees typically range from $20 to $100
6. Obtain surety bond — Required in most states; amounts range from $5,000 to $25,000
7. Take oath of office — Swear or affirm to faithfully perform your duties
8. File oath and bond — Submit to the county clerk or designated office
9. Obtain notary seal/stamp — Purchase from an authorized vendor
10. Begin performing notarial acts — Only after all steps are complete

Commission Terms by State

The National Notary Association (NNA)

The National Notary Association is the largest professional organization for notaries in the United States. While the NNA does not commission notaries (that is the state's role), it provides:

• Education and training programs (both online and in-person)
• Notary Signing Agent (NSA) certification for those who want to specialize in loan closings
• Supplies — stamps, seals, journals, and other notary equipment
• Insurance — errors and omissions (E&O) policies and surety bonds
• Advocacy — lobbying for notary-friendly legislation
• Resources — the Notary Bulletin, legal updates, and best practice guides

Important: NNA certification is voluntary and separate from your state commission. Being NNA-certified does not replace the need for a state commission.

On the Exam

Key points frequently tested about becoming a notary:

• Commissioning authority: The state (Secretary of State or equivalent)
• Surety bond: Required in most states; protects the public (not the notary)
• Oath of office: Required before performing any notarial acts
• Commission term: Varies by state — know your state's term
• Renewal: Must be completed before the commission expires