2.3 Vocabulary, Reading, and Audio Exam Option

Key Takeaways

  • The knowledge exam uses healthcare vocabulary such as ADL, dyspnea, aspiration, contracture, PPE, and ambulation.
  • Candidates who struggle with reading speed should practice CNA vocabulary before test day.
  • D&S Headmaster offers an audio knowledge exam option that must be selected before payment.
  • The audio exam requires wired headphones or earbuds; Bluetooth devices are not allowed.
  • Reading questions still require understanding, not just recognition of terms.
Last updated: April 2026

CNA Vocabulary Is Test Content

A large part of CNA test readiness is knowing the words used in resident care. If you miss the meaning of a term, you may miss an easy question.

High-yield terms include:

TermMeaning
ADLActivity of daily living, such as bathing or dressing
AmbulationWalking or helping a resident walk
AspirationFood, fluid, or secretions entering the airway
ContracturePermanent tightening of a muscle or joint
DyspneaDifficulty breathing
EdemaSwelling from fluid
IncontinenceLoss of bladder or bowel control
PPEPersonal protective equipment
RestraintDevice or method that limits movement
ROMRange of motion

Reading The Stem

Slow down for words that change the answer:

  • First
  • Next
  • Best
  • Immediately
  • Except
  • Most appropriate
  • Requires reporting
  • Within CNA scope

A candidate can know the content and still miss the question by skipping one word.

Audio Exam Option

California candidates may choose an audio version of the knowledge exam. This can help if reading speed or visual processing makes the standard exam harder.

Important rules:

  • Select the audio option before payment.
  • Use wired headphones or earbuds.
  • Do not use Bluetooth audio devices.
  • Expect the same content, not an easier test.

Word-For-Word Dictionaries

D&S Headmaster rules allow certain word-for-word foreign translation dictionaries. Dictionaries with definitions, notes, or electronic features are not allowed.

If you plan to use a dictionary, practice with the same type before test day. A dictionary is slow if you are opening it for every question.

Building Vocabulary Fast

Create cards with the term, plain-English meaning, and one resident-care example. For example: "aspiration - food or liquid enters airway - coughs during thin liquids, stop feeding and report."

Test Your Knowledge

What does dyspnea mean?

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D
Test Your Knowledge

Which device is allowed for the California audio knowledge exam?

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C
D