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Question 1

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According to the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, which document defines how Scrum Teams visualize and manage flow?

The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams (Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret)

The Lean Manufacturing Manifesto

The Toyota Production System Handbook

The Six Sigma Body of Knowledge

to track

2026 Statistics

Key Facts: PSK I Exam

85%

Passing Score

Scrum.org

45 Qs

Exam Questions

60 minutes

$200

Exam Fee

Per attempt

Lifetime

Validity

No renewal needed

Flow Metrics

WIP, Cycle Time, Age, Throughput

PSK I is a 60-minute, 45-question online exam from Scrum.org requiring 85% to pass ($200 per attempt). No prerequisites, but Scrum experience is recommended. Built on the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams (Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret) and the Scrum Guide 2020. Tests four Kanban practices (visualize the workflow, limit WIP, manage flow, make policies explicit), Workflow Definition elements (started/finished, WIP limits, SLE, explicit policies), four flow metrics (WIP, Cycle Time, Work Item Age, Throughput), Little's Law (WIP = Throughput x Cycle Time), and how flow data informs Daily Scrum, Sprint Planning, Sprint Review, and Retrospective. Lifetime certification with no renewal.

Sample PSK I Practice Questions

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1According to the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, which document defines how Scrum Teams visualize and manage flow?

A.The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams (Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret)

B.The Lean Manufacturing Manifesto

C.The Toyota Production System Handbook

D.The Six Sigma Body of Knowledge

Explanation: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, authored by Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret, defines how Scrum Teams complement Scrum with Kanban practices to optimize flow. It is the official guide for the Professional Scrum with Kanban (PSK) certification and is freely available on Scrum.org.

2Which four flow metrics are highlighted in the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams?

A.Velocity, story points, hours burned, and capacity

B.Work In Progress (WIP), Cycle Time, Work Item Age, and Throughput

C.Lead time, MTTR, change failure rate, and deployment frequency

D.Backlog size, escaped defects, NPS, and team happiness

Explanation: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams identifies four flow metrics: Work In Progress (count of started but not finished items), Cycle Time (elapsed time from start to finish for a work item), Work Item Age (elapsed time since work started for items still in progress), and Throughput (number of work items finished per unit of time).

3Little's Law, as referenced in the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, expresses which relationship?

A.Throughput = Velocity divided by Sprint length

B.Average Cycle Time = Average Work In Progress divided by Average Throughput

C.Defect rate = WIP multiplied by Cycle Time

D.Sprint Goal achievement = Throughput multiplied by Quality

Explanation: Little's Law, applied to knowledge work, states that the average cycle time is approximately equal to average work in progress divided by average throughput. It is often rearranged as WIP = Throughput x Cycle Time. This relationship is central to managing flow because limiting WIP directly reduces cycle time when throughput stays constant.

4What is the Service Level Expectation (SLE) according to the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams?

A.A vendor contract penalty clause for late delivery

B.A forecast of how long it should take a work item to flow from start to finish, expressed as a probability and an elapsed time period

C.The Sprint Goal expressed as a deadline

D.A target velocity in story points per Sprint

Explanation: The SLE is a forecast of how long it should take a given work item to flow from started to finished. It has two parts: an elapsed-time period and a probability. For example, '85% of work items will finish in 8 days or less.' Scrum Teams use historical cycle time data to derive an SLE.

5Which of the following is NOT one of the Kanban practices described in the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams?

A.Visualize the workflow

B.Limit Work In Progress

C.Estimate every item in story points before starting

D.Make policies explicit

Explanation: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams describes four practices that complement Scrum: visualize the workflow, limit work in progress, actively manage work items in progress (manage flow), and inspect and adapt the workflow definition. Estimating in story points is not a Kanban practice and is not required when adopting Kanban with Scrum.

6When a Scrum Team adopts Kanban, what changes about the Scrum framework itself?

A.The Sprint becomes optional

B.The Scrum Master accountability is removed

C.Nothing structural changes — Scrum stays intact, with additional Kanban practices added

D.The Daily Scrum is replaced by a standup that focuses only on flow

Explanation: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams is explicit that Kanban complements Scrum without changing it. The Scrum events, accountabilities, and artifacts remain. Adding Kanban means the team also visualizes flow, limits WIP, manages flow, and uses flow data, but the Scrum framework itself is unchanged.

7Which of the following defines Work In Progress (WIP) per the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams?

A.The number of work items started but not finished

B.The total number of items in the Product Backlog

C.The total story points planned for the Sprint

D.The number of items released to production this Sprint

Explanation: Work In Progress (WIP) is the count of work items started but not finished. WIP is measured between a defined started point and a defined finished point on the Workflow. Items in the Product Backlog that have not yet started are not WIP.

8Why does the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams emphasize limiting Work In Progress?

A.To maximize the number of items in progress for parallel productivity

B.To reduce cycle time, expose impediments, and improve focus and flow

C.To reduce headcount required on the Scrum Team

D.To shorten the Sprint length

Explanation: Limiting WIP reduces multitasking, exposes impediments and bottlenecks, decreases cycle time (per Little's Law), and helps the Scrum Team finish items rather than start more. Lower WIP improves focus and the predictability of delivery.

9Which Scrum Team accountabilities change when adopting Kanban with Scrum?

A.The Scrum Master becomes a Flow Master

B.A new 'Kanban Lead' role is added

C.None — accountabilities remain Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers

D.The Product Owner role is removed

Explanation: The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams adds practices, not roles. The three Scrum accountabilities — Product Owner, Scrum Master, and Developers — remain unchanged. There is no separate Kanban role on a Scrum Team.

10Cycle Time, as defined in the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, measures what?

A.The total time the Scrum Team spent in meetings during the Sprint

B.The elapsed time between when a work item started and when it finished

C.The time between two consecutive Sprint Reviews

D.The amount of time the Product Owner spends on backlog refinement

Explanation: Cycle Time is the elapsed time between when a work item started and when it finished. It is measured per work item, using the started and finished points the Scrum Team has explicitly defined on its Workflow.

About the PSK I Exam

The PSK I (Professional Scrum with Kanban I) from Scrum.org validates a Scrum Team's ability to use Kanban to optimize the flow of value. The 45-question, 60-minute exam requires 85% to pass and is grounded in the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, authored by Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret. PSK I covers the Workflow Definition (started/finished points, WIP, Service Level Expectation, explicit policies), the four flow metrics (Work In Progress, Cycle Time, Work Item Age, Throughput), Little's Law, and how flow data feeds the Scrum events. The Scrum framework remains intact — Kanban complements Scrum, it does not replace it.

Questions

45 scored questions

Time Limit

60 minutes

Passing Score

85% or higher

Exam Fee

$200 (Scrum.org)

PSK I Exam Content Outline

~35%

Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams

Authored by Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret. Four Kanban practices, Workflow Definition (started/finished, WIP, SLE, explicit policies), and how Kanban complements Scrum without changing the framework.

~35%

Flow Metrics & Forecasting

WIP, Cycle Time, Work Item Age, Throughput; Little's Law (WIP = Throughput x Cycle Time); Service Level Expectation (e.g., 85% in N days); CFD, control charts, Monte Carlo forecasting.

~30%

Scrum + Kanban Interaction

How flow data feeds Scrum events: Daily Scrum (aging, blockers), Sprint Planning (throughput forecasts), Sprint Review (flow context for stakeholders), Retrospective (adapt Workflow Definition).

How to Pass the PSK I Exam

What You Need to Know

Passing score: 85% or higher
Exam length: 45 questions
Time limit: 60 minutes
Exam fee: $200

Keys to Passing

Complete 500+ practice questions
Score 80%+ consistently before scheduling
Focus on highest-weighted sections
Use our AI tutor for tough concepts

PSK I Study Tips from Top Performers

1Read the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams (Vacanti and Yeret) at least 3 times — questions test exact terminology like 'Workflow Definition' and 'Service Level Expectation'

2Memorize Little's Law: average Cycle Time = average WIP / average Throughput, often rearranged as WIP = Throughput x Cycle Time

3Know the four flow metrics cold: WIP (count), Cycle Time (per-item elapsed), Work Item Age (in-progress only), Throughput (items per period)

4Practice the free Scrum with Kanban Open Assessment on Scrum.org until you score 100% consistently — it mirrors the exam style

5Internalize that Kanban does NOT change Scrum — same accountabilities, events, artifacts, commitments — Kanban adds Workflow Definition, WIP limits, flow metrics, and explicit policies

6For scenario questions, choose answers that increase transparency, lower WIP, address aging items, or use empirical data — these align with the Kanban Guide

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the PSK I passing score?

The PSK I exam requires 85% or higher to pass — at least 39 correct out of 45 questions in 60 minutes. The 85% threshold is the same as PSM I and PSPO I, but with only 45 questions a single mistake has a larger impact, so deep understanding of the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams is essential.

Do I need training to take the PSK I exam?

No. PSK I has no prerequisites and no mandatory training. You can purchase the $200 exam password directly on Scrum.org. However, most successful candidates already have working Scrum knowledge, study the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams thoroughly, and practice with the free Scrum with Kanban Open Assessment on Scrum.org.

What is the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams?

The Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams is the official guide for the PSK certification, authored by Daniel Vacanti and Yuval Yeret and published on Scrum.org. It defines how Scrum Teams complement Scrum with Kanban practices: visualizing the workflow, limiting WIP, managing flow, and making policies explicit. It also defines the Workflow Definition and the four flow metrics.

What are the four flow metrics on the PSK I exam?

The four flow metrics are: Work In Progress (count of started but not finished items), Cycle Time (elapsed time from started to finished for an item), Work Item Age (elapsed time since started, for items still in progress), and Throughput (number of items finished per unit of time). Little's Law connects them: average Cycle Time approximately equals average WIP divided by average Throughput.

What is a Service Level Expectation (SLE)?

A Service Level Expectation is a forecast of how long it should take a work item to flow from started to finished. It has two parts — an elapsed time period and a probability — for example, '85% of items finish in 8 days or less.' Teams derive an SLE from their historical cycle time distribution and use it to inspect aging items.

Does Scrum change when a team adopts Kanban?

No structural changes. The Scrum framework — accountabilities (Product Owner, Scrum Master, Developers), events (Sprint, Sprint Planning, Daily Scrum, Sprint Review, Sprint Retrospective), and artifacts (Product Backlog, Sprint Backlog, Increment) — remains intact. Kanban adds Workflow Definition, WIP limits, flow metrics, and explicit policies to support transparency, inspection, and adaptation.

How is PSK I different from PSM I?

PSM I (80 questions, 60 minutes, 85%, $200) tests the Scrum Guide 2020 broadly. PSK I (45 questions, 60 minutes, 85%, $200) is narrower and deeper on flow: the Kanban Guide for Scrum Teams, flow metrics, Little's Law, SLE, and how flow data enhances Scrum events. PSK I assumes you already know Scrum.