Free SAT Exam Flashcards

The Digital SAT has Reading and Writing plus Math. Each section has two modules, and both sections contribute 200-800 points to the 400-1600 total score.

Your performance on the first module of a section determines whether your second module is easier or harder. Accuracy early in each section matters.

The total SAT score ranges from 400 to 1600. Reading and Writing contributes 200-800, and Math contributes 200-800.

The SAT does not subtract points for incorrect answers. Answer every question, even if you must make an educated guess.

A calculator is allowed throughout SAT Math. Use Desmos for graphing, solving intersections, checking systems, and exploring function behavior.

Choose the word that fits the sentence logic, not just a familiar definition. Look for contrast, cause-effect, and tone clues around the blank or word.

A central idea answer should cover the whole text without adding claims the passage does not support. Avoid choices that mention only one detail.

Evidence answers must directly support the claim in the prompt. Match the exact relationship: example, data trend, contrast, or reason.

A valid inference is strongly supported by the text but not stated word for word. It should be a modest conclusion, not a leap beyond the evidence.

Purpose questions ask what a sentence or paragraph does: introduce, define, contrast, support, qualify, summarize, or challenge an idea.

Compare how two short texts relate. The correct answer usually identifies agreement, disagreement, qualification, or how one author would respond to the other.

Pick the transition that matches the logic between sentences. However signals contrast; therefore signals result; for example introduces evidence; similarly shows likeness.

Use only the notes needed for the stated goal. A good synthesis answer is targeted, relevant, and does not dump every fact from the notes.

A complete sentence needs a subject and a finite verb. Comma splices and fused sentences are common SAT boundary errors.

A comma splice joins two independent clauses with only a comma. Fix it with a period, semicolon, coordinating conjunction, or subordinating conjunction.

A semicolon can join two closely related independent clauses. It cannot connect a complete sentence to a fragment.

A colon introduces an explanation, list, or example after a complete independent clause. The words before the colon must be able to stand alone.

Match the verb to the true subject, not to a nearby noun in a prepositional phrase or modifier.

A pronoun must agree with its antecedent in number and must clearly point to one noun. Ambiguous pronouns create errors.

A modifier should be placed next to the word it describes. Misplaced or dangling modifiers create illogical meanings.

A linear equation has variables to the first power and graphs as a line. Solve by isolating the variable while doing the same operation to both sides.

y = mx + b, where m is slope and b is the y-intercept. The slope shows change in y for each 1-unit change in x.

y - y1 = m(x - x1). Use it when you know a point on a line and the slope.

A solution to a system is the point that satisfies both equations. On a graph, it is the intersection of the lines.

Parallel lines have equal slopes. Perpendicular nonvertical lines have slopes that multiply to -1.

When multiplying or dividing an inequality by a negative number, reverse the inequality sign. Graphs show a boundary plus a shaded solution region.

Percent change equals (new value - original value) / original value x 100%. Use the original value as the denominator.

A unit rate compares a quantity to one unit of another quantity, such as miles per hour or dollars per pound. Units guide the calculation.

Mean is the average; median is the middle value in ordered data. Outliers pull the mean more strongly than the median.

For equally likely outcomes, probability equals favorable outcomes divided by total outcomes. For independent events, multiply probabilities.

Positive association rises left to right, negative association falls left to right, and no association has no clear pattern. Association does not prove causation.

A margin of error describes likely sampling variation around an estimate. Larger random samples usually produce smaller margins of error.

When multiplying powers with the same base, add exponents: a^m x a^n = a^(m+n).

When raising a power to a power, multiply exponents: (a^m)^n = a^(mn).

ax^2 + bx + c = 0 is standard form. The graph is a parabola, and solutions are the x-values where the graph crosses the x-axis.

For x^2 + bx + c, find two numbers that multiply to c and add to b. Factoring reveals the zeros when each factor is set equal to zero.

For ax^2 + bx + c = 0, x = (-b plus or minus sqrt(b^2 - 4ac)) / (2a). Use it when factoring is slow or impossible.

The discriminant is b^2 - 4ac. Positive means two real solutions, zero means one repeated real solution, and negative means no real solutions.

An exponential model multiplies by a constant factor over equal intervals. A form like y = a(1 + r)^t represents growth by rate r.

The y-intercept occurs when x = 0. An x-intercept occurs where y = 0, often found by solving f(x) = 0.

The interior angles of a triangle sum to 180 degrees. An exterior angle equals the sum of the two remote interior angles.

In a right triangle, a^2 + b^2 = c^2, where c is the hypotenuse. Common triples include 3-4-5 and 5-12-13.

The side ratio is x : x : x sqrt(2). The hypotenuse is a leg times sqrt(2).

The side ratio is x : x sqrt(3) : 2x, from shortest leg to longer leg to hypotenuse.

In a right triangle, sin = opposite/hypotenuse, cos = adjacent/hypotenuse, and tan = opposite/adjacent.

A circle centered at (h, k) with radius r has equation (x - h)^2 + (y - k)^2 = r^2.

Arc length is the same fraction of circumference as the central angle is of 360 degrees: angle/360 x 2 pi r.

Sector area is the same fraction of circle area as the central angle is of 360 degrees: angle/360 x pi r^2.

Volume equals base area times height: V = pi r^2 h. Watch whether the problem gives radius or diameter.

Graph equations to check intersections, zeros, and transformations, but still understand the algebra so you can set up the right expressions quickly.