Key Takeaways
- Separate independent variables, dependent variables, constants, and controls quickly.
- Read graphs for trends, slope, proportionality, and whether the data actually supports the claim.
- Know the difference between observation, inference, hypothesis, theory, and law.
- Engineering-design questions usually reward iterative testing under real-world constraints.
Last updated: March 2026
What This Domain Really Tests
Praxis General Science does not use the inquiry domain only to ask vocabulary questions. It tests whether you can:
- identify variables and controls in an investigation
- interpret graphs and data tables accurately
- judge whether a conclusion is supported by evidence
- choose safer or more valid procedures
- apply the engineering design process to solve a problem under constraints
High-Yield Review Points
Focus on:
- experimental design: independent variable, dependent variable, constants, control group
- measurement and graphing: units, scale, trends, interpolation, precision vs accuracy
- nature of science: models change with evidence; theories explain broad patterns; science is evidence-based and revisable
- lab safety: goggles, wafting, heat and chemical handling, proper disposal, and safe equipment use
- engineering design: define the problem, identify constraints, prototype, test, revise
Fast Elimination Rule
On inquiry questions, eliminate answers that:
- claim more than the data supports
- confuse correlation with causation
- fail to control a key variable
- use unsafe lab practice
- treat science as fixed authority instead of evidence-based explanation
Test Your Knowledge
A student tests whether fertilizer affects plant height and keeps light, soil, pot size, and water the same. What is the independent variable?
A
B
C
D
Test Your Knowledge
Which statement best reflects the nature of science?
A
B
C
D